Twenty-seven potential wheat allergens have been successfully identified. Wheat allergy may be a misnomer since there are many allergenic components in wheat, for example serine protease inhibitors, glutelins and prolamins and different responses are often attributed to different proteins. Prevalence in adults was found to be 0.21% in a 2012 study in Japan. Some reactions are restricted to wheat proteins, while others can react across many varieties of seeds and other plant tissues. Typically the allergy is limited to the seed storage proteins of wheat. Like all allergies, wheat allergy involves immunoglobulin E and mast cell response. Taking these data into account should ensure a more accurate diagnosis.Wheat allergy is an allergy to wheat which typically presents itself as a food allergy, but can also be a contact allergy resulting from occupational exposure. Besides the severity of flaxseed allergy in patients sensitized to 2S albumin, this is the first time that 11S globulin has been identified as a potential allergen. Inhibition assays revealed in vitro IgE-mediated cross-reactivity between Lin u 1 and peanut and cashew nut proteins, while IgE-mediated recognition of 11S globulin by patients’ sera was partially inhibited by several plant-derived sources.Ĭonclusions: Seed storage proteins from flaxseed were involved in the development of severe symptoms in the 5 patients studied and exhibited cross-reactivity with other allergenic sources. The proteins were identified by mass spectrometry as flaxseed 2S albumin, which is included in the WHO/IUIS allergen nomenclature as Lin u 1, and 11S globulin. Results: Immunoblotting of the flaxseed extract revealed a low-molecular-mass protein (around 13 kDa) in 4 of the 5 patients, while a protein of approximately 55 kDa was detected in 2 patients. Immunoassays were performed using the 5 allergic patients’ sera tested individually and as a pool. ![]() Methods: Proteins that were potential allergens with IgE-binding capacity were purified from flaxseed extract using chromatography and identified via MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The present study aimed to identify the allergens involved in IgE-mediated reactions in 5 patients with a clinical history of severe systemic symptoms after flaxseed consumption. Little is known about the allergens implicated in hypersensitivity reactions to flaxseed. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022 Vol 32(5)īackground: Given the increased popularity of flaxseed in meals, several cases of allergy to these seeds have been reported. Association Between the Seed Storage Proteins 2S Albumin and 11S Globulin and Severe Allergic Reaction After Flaxseed Intakeīueno-Díaz C 1, Biserni C 2, Martín-Pedraza L 3, de las Heras M 4, Blanco C 5, Vázquez-Cortés S 6, Fernández-Rivas M 6, Batanero E 1, Cuesta-Herranz J 4, Villalba M 1ġDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chemistry Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainĢDepartment of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, DEFENS, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyģAllergy Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, SpainĤHospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD, UAM), RETIC ARADyAL, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, SpainĥAllergy Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Madrid, SpainĦAllergy Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, ARADyAL, Madrid, Spain
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